Machine



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

' W. H. DOANE & G. W; BUGBEE. IMORTI-SING MACHINE. No. 259,000. Patente d June 6, 1882.

W1 TJVESSES I-AVENTOR a vain Halo-Lithographer, Wuhinglm D c.

- UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

- WILLIAM H. DOANE AND GEORGE W. BUGBEE, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO,

' ASSIGNORS TO J. A. FAY 8t 00., OF SAME PLACE.

MORTlSlNG-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 259,000, dated June 6, 1882.

Application filed February 21, mm. N0 model.) 7

To all whom it may concern Be it known that we, WM. H. DOANE and GEO. W. BUGBEE, citizens ofthe United States, residing at Cincinnati, in the county of Hamilton and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Mortising- Machines; and we do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertainsto make and use the same.

Thisinven tion relates to mortising-machines specially designed for cutting either line-mortises or stagger-mortises in carriage-wheel hubs and organized with a pair of upright reciprocating chisels and an ascending and descending lathe for properly presenting the hub to the action of the chisels, a boring-tool being also mounted on the machine for boring the preliminary holes in the hub at the points where the mortises are to be cut.

The principal features of our invention consist, first, in so organizing the mechanism for operating the lathe that it may be instantly stopped without stopping the machinewhen it becomes necessary to remove a mortised hub and chuck and bore a fresh hub; secondly, in

staggering the mortises by endwise shiftings of the hub-ch uckin g devices and simultaneous automatic adjustments of the chisel-bar yokes or guides, so that all the-mortises may be propeily aligned with reference to the subsequently to be applied rim of the wheel.

Our invention consists, further, 'of various other mechanical com binations which are clearly set out in claims at the close of this specification. e

In order that our invention may be clearly understood,we have illustrated in the annexed drawings and will proceed to describe the best form thereof at present known to us.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of the machine. Fig. 2 is a front elevation from which some parts, especially ofthelathe, have been omitted for the sake of perspiouity. Figs..3 to 6 are detail views.

The same letters of reference indicate like parts in all the figures.

The various operative parts of themachine are mounted on a strong upright frame, A.

of the shaft.

two yokes (l and C The main or driving shaft B turns in bearings at the top of the frame, carrying a fast pulley, B, for driving the shaft by a belt from a pulley on the line-shaft or a counter-shaft of a shop. A double crank, B is fixed to the projecting front end of the main shaft, the crankpins being arranged at diametrically-opposite sides of and equidistant from the center or axis A suitable fly-wheel, B is also keyed to the main shaft. The double crank B is connected by pitmen B and B to the respective Wrist-pinsc and c of the two chiselbars 0 O, which are respectively mounted and adapted to slide up and down in hearings on the The wrist-pins c and c are formed or fixed on split blocks adapted to embrace the chisel-bars and be clamped thereto by clamping-bolts, as indicated in Fig. 1, so that the chisel-bars may be readily adjusted both endwise and circularly on their respective yokes. The chisel-bars are arranged side by side at thefront of the main frame, with their axes in a vertical plane which is at right angles to the axis of the main shaft and coincidentwith the axis of the lathe, for presenting the hubs to the action of the chisels. The lower ends of the chisel-bars are suitably constructed for the attachment of the chisels. At their upper ends the yokes and O are pivoted upon studs of slides c and c fitted in a horizontal guideway across the front of the main frame. These slides have rearwardlyprojecting lugs at their outer ends, to which the adjusting-screws c and c are swiveled. These adjusting-screws are tapped into the opposite ends of a toothed rack, H so arranged at the back of the slides and engagedby a pinion,H feathered to the stagger-shaft H, that it cannot be moved except by turning the stagger-shaft. The lower ends of the yokes and 0 play on fixed studs projecting from the main frame through curved slots inthe yokes, and are pressed toward each other by stiff springs c 0 hearing against their respective outer edges. Their ,lower ends are also connected by links a and c to the respective ends of the cross-bar 0 on the outer end of the rock-shaft 0 supported in bearings on the main frame,and provided with a lever-arm, C by which it may be rocked to spread the lower ends of the yokes and chisel-bars apart in opposition to the stress of the springs c and a. The lever-arm (I is providedwith an elongated slot or slots for the reception of an adjustable stud-pin, to which one end of a rod, 0 is pivoted. This rod is made in two lengths,coupled by a right-and-left-hand nut for adjusting its aggregate length, and is pivoted at its other end to an adjustable stud-pin arranged in an elongated slot in the spreading-lever G which is fulcrumed on the main frame, and operated by the spreading-cam G on the crank-shaft F, an anti-friction roller on the lever riding on the face of the cam. By adjusting the stud-pins and rod 0 the spreading-cam may be caused to rock shaft 0 through a longer or shorter arc, and thus cause the chisels to cut longer or shorter mortises.

The hub to be mortised is presented to the action of the chisels by a vertically-movable lathe, the bed D of which is mounted on vertical guides on the front of the main frame at a considerable distance below the chisels. Its head-stock D and tail-stock, (not shown,) provided with suitable chuck-carrying spindles, are adj ustably mounted upon a slide, D which is in turn fitted in a longitudinal guideway on the bed D, so that it may be adjusted in a direction across the frontof the machine to move the chucked hub endwise. The hubs are chucked on and removed from the lathe when it occupies its lowest position, which is such that the hub will then be out of the reach of the chisels, so that the chisels may continue to reciprocate without interfering with the chucking and renewal of hubs. ln presenting the hub to the action of the chisels the lathe is gradually elevated until the hub reaches a point where the chisels will cut into it to the full depth required forthemortise,afterwhichitremainsstationary until the mortise is completed, when it rapidly descends to its lowest position. It is elevated and sustained at its highest elevation by the lifting-cam D on the cam-shaft F, and descends in obedience to its own gravity, its descent, though more rapid than its ascent, being sufiiciently eased by the lifting-cam to prevent jarring or shocks. The lifting-cam operates on an anti-friction roller, turning on a stud fixed to the bed of the lathe, as clearly shown. A notched disk, D*, is removably fixed on the outer end of the head-stock spindle d having as many notches in its circumferential edge as there are mortises to be cut in the hub. A latch, d pivoted on the head-stock, is provided to engage the notched disk at times when a mortise is being cut in the hub and while the hub remains stationary in the lathe, a stiff spring, (1*, holding the latch to its work. The notcheddisk is turned the distance ofone notch to turn the hub every time a mortise has been of this lever is connected by a rod, D, (made in two lengths, joined by a iight-and-left nut,

so that it may be lengthened or shortened,) to

a lever, D fulcrumed on the main frame at d, and lifted at the proper times to turn the notched disk and hub by the hub-turning cam D on the cam-shaft F.

The stud-pins to which the rod D is connected are adjustable in elongated slots in the levers D and D so that the vibrations of lever D caused by lever D may be readily changed to adapt it to operate on every style of notched disk that may be used on the machine. As the levers D and D are arranged at right angles to each other, and as lever B, moreover, moves bodily with the head-stock in adjusting it on the lathe,it is necessary to provide for the consequent cross motions of the levers. This may be done byjointing the rod D at both ends, as clearly shown. The latch is lifted at the proper times by a spring-finger, d pivoted on lever D to disengage the notched disk, so that it may be turned' by pawl d. on said lever. This spring-finger is pivoted on lever D in such a position that it will at the beginning of the oscillation of said lever act as a prop to lift the latch, and then, as itgradually assumes a more inclined position, be turned on its pivot by the reaction of the latchspring, so as to permit the latch to descend again. A light spring, (1, is placed under the finger to turn it up again as the lever I) resumes its normal position.

The edge of the slide D of the lathe adjacent to the main frame is constructed with a toothed rack, d, engaged by a pinion, H, keyed on the stagger-shaft H just above a lug, d, on the bed 1) of the lathe, in which lag the lower end of the stagger-shaft has its hearing, projecting downwardly through it sufficiently to have fixed to it a lever-arm, 1-1, which projects forward through openings in the main frame and lathe-bed so that it may be conveniently manipulated. The staggershat't is thus at its lower end connected to and partakcs of the up and down movements of the bed of the lathe, while its upper end slides in the pinion H and the bearing on the main frame which supports the upper end of said shaft. In cutting stagger-mortises the slide D of the lathe is moved endwise after the completion of each mortise to shift the hub in one direction or the other preparatory to cutting the next mortise. This is accomplished by turning the stagger-shaft by the lever-arm H*, which may move on a suitable segment on the bed of the lathe, and may be provided with a locking-latch to lock it to the segment after shifting. It will be observed that the staggershal't will simultaneously shift the slides c 0 to which the yokes of the chisel-bars are pivoted, and thereby change the deflection of the chisel-bars. The respective movements of the slide D of the lathe and the slides to which the chisel-bar yokes are pivoted are so proportioned that the two series of 'mortises will be IIO properly aligned with reference to the'after-' -ward to be applied rim'of the wheel.

IwheehF, which meshes with and is driven by zontal gudgeon', E, projecting from and se-;

1*], and held in place between the end of the .hub e and a nut on the gudgeon. Y

wise to free it from or force it into driving t'ric- Thc-cam-shaft I has keyed to it a spur the pinionE, mounted to turn on a stout hori cured to the rear side of the main frame A.: The pinion E is constructed with a hub, e, to which is feathered a conical friction-clutch, E adapted to be engaged by an internal frictionpulley, E mounted to turn on the gudgeon Theconlcal friction-clutch E is provided with a circularly-grooved hub, 0 engaged by a fork, E ona shifter-rod, 6 by means of Y which the friction-clutch E may he slid endtional contact with the internal friction-pulley, E The latter is driven by a belt from the pulley B on the main shaft B. The shifterrod 0 is connected to the vertical arm of a bell-crank, E fulcrumed on the main frame," the horizontal arm of which is connected by a rod, 6 to the treadle E at the base of the machine. The treadle, when depressed, operates on the arm 6 of a hell-crank, the other arm, 6", of which is provided with a hook to lock the treadle in its depressed position, and thus hold the friction clutch in firm frictional contact with the internal friction-pulley. When i it is desired to separate them for the purpose of stopping the rotation of the cam-shaft the operator kicks the arm a of thetreadle-locking bell-crank toward the machine, which unlocks the treadle and causes the arm 0 of the bell-crank to vibrate or raises it sufficiently to draw friction-clutch E slightly out of the internal friction-pulley E For boring holes in the hub preparatory to the action of the mortising-chisels, a boringspindle, G, is arranged onthe machine, with its axis at right angles to but in the same horizontal plane occupied by the axis of the lathe when in its lowest position. The boring-spindle is mounted in a hanger, G, attached to the back of the main frame, being sufficiently elongated thatit maybe slidin the hanger to force its auger the proper distance into the hub. Its outer end is engaged by a tappetarm, G on t a slide-rod,.G-", which moves in a guide in the hanger, and is slid by a rod, G reaching from an arm on the slide-rod tothe front of the machine, and terminating in a suitable handle, g. The hanger G is gibbed to the main frame, so that the boring apparatus may be readily adjusted thereon with reference to the hub on the lathe. Between the bearings of the hanger a pulley, G is feathered on the boring-spindle to receive a slack belt running on a pulley, B on the main shaft B. When the boring-spindle is to be driven the belt is strained by a belt-tightener, G hung on the upright arm of a bell-crank, G (fulcru med on the main frame,) the other arm of which is connected by a rod,

is out of the reach of the chisels.

g, to the treadle G at the base of the machine. ,By depressing this treadle the belttightener is forced against the belt.

Before starting the machine the chisel-bar yokes must be adjusted by shifting the slides c 0 to give the proper deflection to the chiseli cam-shaft should be stopped bysepara-tin g the friction-clutch from the internal friction-pulley, as heretofore described, when the lathe occupies its lowest position. Ahub is then" chucked on the lathe, the boring-spindle is drawn forward and started in rotation by depressing treadle G and a hole bored in the hub. The boring-spindle is retracted, the hub turned the distance of one tooth and notch of the disk D by operating lever D by hand, and the boringspindle drawn forward again to bore the'next hole in the hub. lfthe hub is to be provided with stagger-mortises, the slideD is moved endwise, after boring a hole, and before boring the next by turning the stagger-shaft H by means of its lever-arm H. After all the holes have been bored in the hub the operator depresses the-treadle E so'as totforce friction-clutch E into frictional contact with the internal friction-pulley, E, thus starting the cam-shaft F, which then automatically elevates the lathe successively bythe lifting-cam to present the ,hub to the action of the chisels and allows it a mortise, while it also, at the proper times,

spreads the chisel-bars by the spreading-cam and interveningmechanism and turns the hub by the hub-turning cam and intermediate devices. It' the hub is to be provided with stagger-mortises, the operator must turn the stagger-shaft in one direction or the other every time a mortise has been out and while the hub When all the mortises have been cut the treadle E is released to separate the friction-clutch from the internal friction-pulley, and thus instantly stop the rotation of the cam-shaft while the lathe occupies its lowest position on the machine. The'mortised hub may then be rebored preparatory to subjeetingitto the action of the mortising-chisels.

It will be observed that the main shaft of the machine continues to run without interruption to drivethe chisels without interfering with the removal of mortised hubs and the chucking and boring of fresh hubs. This is of great advantage,because to stop the main shaft, which necessarily runs at a pretty high speed, every time a hub has been mortised in order to remove it and replace it by another would involve great loss of time. Furthermore, the boring-spindle can be driven from the main shaft of the machine, so that the machine is complete in itself and requires no separate counter-shaft for driving the boring-spindle, as is the casein machines the main shaft of which must be stopped to admit of the removal and chucking and boring of the hubs.

In case the machine is to be used for mortising flat pieces of timber that require no turning, the head -stoek and tail-stock will be omitted and the lathe assume the form of an ascending and descending table provided with moving the lathe, and the internal friction-pulley and friction-clutch for transmitting motion to said shaft, the friction-pulley being driven from the continnously-rotating main shaft of the machine.

3. In a machine for mortising hubs, the combination, with the lathe, substantially as before set forth, of the internal friction-pulley, the friction-clutch, the treadle for moving said clutch, and a bell-crank for locking and raising the treadle.

4. The combination, substantially as before set forth, of chisel-bar yokes, the independently-adjustable slides to which the yokes are pivoted, the rocking cross-bar and links for spreading the yokes and chisel-bars, the connected levers for rocking the cross-bars, the shaft and cam for operating said levers, and the internal friction-pulley and friction'clutch for transmitting motion to said shaft.

5. The combination, substantially as before set forth, of the chisel-bar yokes, the independently-adjustable slides to which the yokes are pivoted, and the rack connecting the slides and adapted to adjust or move them simultaneonsly.

6. The combination, substantially as before set forth, of the slides to which the chisel-bar yokes are pivoted, the rack connecting said slides, the lathe-slide carrying the hub-chucking devices and provided with a rack, and the stagger-shaft and pinions for simultaneously moving the lathe-slide and the slides of the chisel-bar yokes.

7. The combination, substantially as before set forth, of the chisel-bars, the hub-chucking devices, and means, substantially such as described,for simultaneously shifting the chiselbars and hub-chucking devices in cutting stagger-mortises, whereby both sets of mortises will be properly aligned automatically.

S. The combination, substantially as before set forth, of the notched disk on the spindle in the head-stock of the lathe, the spring-latch, the lever and pawl for turning the disk, the latchlifting finger on said lever, the hub-turning cam and lever, and the adjustable rod for connecting the two levers.

9. In a wheel-hub-mortising machine organized to operate with continuously-reciprocat ing chisel-bars, and an ascending and descending lathe adapted to be stopped at the will of the operator without stopping the machine, the combination, substantially as before set forth, of the main shaft for driving the chiselbars and lathe and aboring-spindle, also driven by said main shaft.

10. A machine for inortising hubs embodying the following instrumentalities, viz: two eontinuously-reciprocating chisel-bars, an ascending and descending lathe for presenting the hubs, a boring-spindle for boring the hubs preparatory to mortising them, a continuouslyrotating main drivingshaft, and treadles for controlling the means for driving the lathe and boring-spindle at the front of the machine, substantially as before set forth.

In testimony whereof we affix our signatures in presence of two witnesses.

WM. ll. DUANE. GEO. \V. BUGBEE.

Witnesses:

SIMEON HARRIS, A. N. SPENCER. 

